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False Positives on Drug Tests

by Darren Smith, CFII/MEI
General Aviation Human Factors, June, 2009
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Drug Series:  Pilot's Drug Test | Trouble Medications | False Positives

Drug testing is fraught with problems of false positives - or positives because folks didn't understand what they were taking.  A "false positive" is a test result that is returned when a substance tests positive for another compound. It is a case of mistaken identity.  The cause of a "false positive" can be equipment related, human error, or specimen related error. While most labs will perform a confirmation test if the initial sample tests positive, the result will stain your reputation. 

The antidote for this is prevention and education as active defenses.  The information presented below is only a beginning to your quest for knowledge regarding the medications you may be taking.  Regardless of whether your medications appear on this list, you should contact your Physician for further information and disclose ALL medications you're taking on the drug testing collection form.  While this list is NOT exhaustive, it is an attempt to gather as much information as possible.  If you see something missing or incorrect, please drop me an email.

The drugs on this list will either result in:
  • a false positive (Type I error) meaning it does not indicate use of a controlled substance, or
  • a positive because the drug is a controlled substance.
Use Control-F to find your drug.  For best results, search for part of the drug name such as the root.

Positive Results for Alcohol
Terpinhydrate, Contac, Dristan, Nyquil, Hall's Cough Drops, Cough Medications

Positive Results for Amphetamines
A.R.M., Accutrim, Dexatrim, Actifed, Adderall®, Afrin, Alka-Seltzer, Alka-Selzer Plus, Allerest, Amphetaminil, Bayer Select Maximum Strength Sinus Pain Relief, Benzedrine®, Biphetamine®, Bromphenlramlne, Bupropion (Wellbutrin), Caldecon, Captagon®, Cheracol Sinus, Chiorpromazlne, Contac, Contact Non-Drowsy Formula Sinus Caplets, Desipramine, Dexedrine, Dexfenfluramine, Dextroamphetamine, Dextromethorphan hydrobromide or DXM, Didrex, Diet Aids C phenylpropanolamine, Dietac, Dimetapp, Dimethylamphetamine, Dinintel®, Dristan Cold caplets, Dristan Nasal Spray, Drixoral Cold and Flu, Durophet®, Efidac/24, Elderpryl®, Ethylamphetamine, Fencamine, Fenproporex, Finedal®, Fluoxetine (Prozac), Fluspirilene, Furfenorex, Hydroymethamphetamone, Maximum Strength Sine-aid, Maximum Strength Sudafed Sinus, Maximum Strength Tylenol Sinus, Medical Condition: Pregnancy, Methylphenidate (Ritalin), Neosynephren, Neosynephrine, Obetrol®, Ornade, Ortain, OTC nasal sprays (See Vicks inhaler, Afrin), Phenylephrine, Phenylpropanolamine, Phenypropan-Olamine, Pondinil®, Prenylamine, Propanolamine, Prozac (Fluoxetine Hydrochloride), Pseudoephedrine, Ranitidine, Ritalin®, Sinarest No Drowsiness, Sine-Aid Tablets Maximum Strength, Sinex, Sinus Excedrin Extra Strength Caplets, Tegisec®, Trazedone, Triaminic 12, Triaminicin, Tylenol Sinus gelcaps, Vicks Nasal Spray, Wellbutrin (Bupropion), Zantac, Heart Medications, Benadril, Norflex, Desoyn®, Gradumet®, Amifepramone, Amineptine, Asthma medications, Benzphetamine, Cathne, Clobenzorex, Contact, Cylert, Deprenyl, Desoxyephedrine, Dexdenfluramine, Eldepryl, Ephedra, Ephedrine, Etafediabe, Famprofazone, Fenelylline, Fenproyorex, Ma Huang (Ephedra sinica), Mefenorex, Mephentermine, Methoxyphenamine, Methphenidate, Mini-thins, Nasal sprays (Vicks inhaler, Afrin), Pemoline, Phendimetrazine, Phenmetrazine, Phentermine, Pholedrine, Propylephedrine, Redux, Sudafed, Tylenol Sinus, Acet-AM, Amesec, Bronkotabs, Ephedrol, Ephedra (Ma Haung), Estasule Minus, Morax, Quadrinal®, Quelichine, Quelidrine, Quibron Plus, Tedral, 4-Way Nasal Spray, Sinarest, Medical Condition: Kidney infection, Medical Condition: Diabetes, Bronkaid, Nyquil, Combivent inhaler, Concerta, Fenfluramine, Marax, Mesocarb, Morazone, Primatene-M, Primatine Tablets, Robitussin Cold and Flu, Selegiline (Eldepryl), Tavist-D, Vicks Inhaler

Positive Results for Barbiturates
Acro-Lase Plus®, Antrocol Elixor®, Dilantin, Donnatal®, Donnatol (for irritable bowel syndrome), Kenesed®, Luminal®, Mudrane GC®, Nembutal Sodium, Pentobarbital Sodium, Phenobarbital, Rexatal®, Secobarbital, Secobarbital Sodium Bellergal-S®, Seconal Sodium, Solfoton®, Anti-asthmatics

Positive Results for Benzodiazapines
Alprazolam, Anti Anxiety medication, Ativan®, Black Pearls (Tung Sheuh pills), Chinese herb pills (Cows Head, Miracle Herb, Potentsex, Black Pearls, Others), Chlordiazepoxide, Clonazepam, Cows head pills (Chinese herb), Dalmane®, Daypro, Diazepam/Valium, Dormonocet®, Flurazepam, Klonopin®, Libritab®, Librium®, Limbitrol®, Loprazolam, Lorazepam, Miracle herb pills (Chinese herb), Oxazepam, Potentsex pills (Chinese herb), Prescription sleeping pills, Rivotril®, Serax®, TriazolamHalcion®, Valerian Root and extract, Coaxocillin, Clidinium, Valium®, Valrelease®, Xanax®, Zoloft

Positive Results for Cocaine
Amoxicillin, Ampicillin, Kidney disease, Tonic water

Positive Results for Heroin
Cough suppressants with Dextromethorphan (DXM), Vicks Formula 44M, Antibiotics, Dextromethorphan, Dristan Cough Formula, Hold Cough Suppressant, Robitussin DM, Romilar, Silexin, St. Joseph's Cough Syrup, Trucal, Tussaminic, Tussinic, Poppy Seeds, Tonic Water, Vicks Cough Syrup

Positive Results for LSD
Amitriptyline, Artane, Bentyl®, Bromocriptine/Parlodel®, Bromocription, Cafergot®, Cogentin, Dicyclomine, Efotamine, Ergostat®, Ergotamine, Hydergine, Imitrex, Hydergine®, Lisuride/Dopergin®, Lysergol, Methysergide, Sansert®, Methysergiside, Triprolidine, Wigraine®

Positive Results for Marijuana
Nalfon, Fenoprofin, Fluriprofen®, Hemp, Marinol®, Menstrual cramp medications, Naproxyn, Perylamine, Prescription NSAIDS, Tanning lotion containing hemp, Advil, Anaprox, Ansaid, Apo-Naproxen, Atripla, Bayer Select Pain Relief, Clinoril, Cramp End Tablets, Datril, Dolobid, Dronabinol (Marinol), Edecrin, Efavirenz, Excedrin IB, Feldene, Flurbiprofen, Genpril, Haltran, Hempseed Oil, Ibuprin, Ibuprofen, Ifenoprofen, Indocin, Ketoprofen, Lodine, Meclomen, Medical Condition: Bladder Infection, Medipren, Mediprim, Midol, Motrin, Naprosyn, Naproxen (Aleve), Navonaprox, NSAIDS, Nuprin, Orudis®, Pamprin®, Pantoprazole, Phenergan®, Promethazine, Promethegan, Proton pump inhibitors, Protonix, Relafen, Riboflavin, Rufin, Sustiva (Efanirenz), Tolectin®, Trendar Cramp Relief Formula, Vitamin B2, Voltaren, Mediprin, Rufen, Ginseng Tea, Oxaprozin

Positive Results for Opiates
Actifed with Codeine Cough Syrup®, Ampicin, Ascriptin w/codeine, Aspirin with Codeine, Benylin, Capital and Codeine Oral Solution, Chlorpromazine, Cipro (antibiotic), Clinafloxacin, Codeine, Cold remedies with dextromethorphan, Comtrex, Demerol, Dextromethorphan, Doco children's cough syrup, Emprin with Codeine®, Enoxacin, Fioricet with Codeine®, Fluoroquinolone antibiotics, Gatifloxacin, Hamantashen, Kaoden with Codeine®, Levaquin®, Levofloxacin (antibiotic), Lomefloxacin, Lortab, Margestic, Moxifloxacin, Norfloxacin, Ofloxacin (antibiotic), Pedacare, Pefloxacin, Percocet, Percovil, Phenaphen with Codeine®, Phenergan with, Codeine®, Phenergan-D, Poppy seeds, Quinine in Tonic water, Rifampicin (antibiotic), Rifampin, Robitussin, Soma with Codeine, Sparfloxacin, Triaminic Expectorant with Codeine®, Tylenol 3, Tylenol 4, Tylenol with Codeine®, Wygesic, Soma, Ambenyl, Broncholate CS, Cheracol, Codinal PH®, Deconsal, Dimetane-DC Cough Syrup ®, Isoclor Expectorant, Novahistine DH®, Novahistine Expectorant®, Nucofed Expectorant, Par-Glycerol-C (CV), Pediacof®, Phenergan VC®, Poly-Histine, Robitussin A-C®, Robitussin DAC®, Tussar 2®, Tussar SF®, Tussi-Organiden, Amogel PG®, Astramoprh PF ®, Diabismul®, Donnagel-PG ®, Duramorph®, Infantol Pink ®, Infumorf, Kaodene with Paregoric®, MS Contin Tablets®, MSIR®, Oramorph, Paregoric, Rescudose, Roxanol, Medical Condition: Liver Disease, Elavil, A.P.C. w/codeine, Acetaminoph w/codeine, Coffee-Break, Control, Dietac, Empirin w/codeine, Fiorinal w/codeine, Naldecon, Sine-Off, Sinubid, Triminicol, Tussagesic, Buprenex®, Buprenorphine, Darvon®, Dihyrocodeine, Dilaudid®, Dolophine®, Homatropine Methylbromide, Hyrocane, Hycodan®, Hydrocodone, Hydromorphine, Methadone, Numorphan®, Oxycodone, Oxymorphone, Paracodine®, Percodan®, Propoxyphene, Synalgos DC®, Vicodin ES®

Positive Results for Phencyclidine (PCP)
Chlorpromazine, Diphenhydramine, Doxylamine, Effexor Tablets (venlafaxine hydrochloride), Ketamine, Meperidine, Thioridazine, Venlafaxine hydrochloride (Effexor)

Positive Results for Steroid Use
DHEA, Prednisone

Trademark Disclaimer:  Drugs that are commercially available typically have at least two names.  First, each drug has a generic, nonproprietary name which is not protected by a trademark.  In addition, drugs typically several brand or trade names, created by their manufacturers.  For example, the drug with the generic name diphenhydramine hydrochloride has the brand name Benadryl®.  Where it is known that a name is in fact a brand or trade name, I have put  the symbol ® after the drug name because I suspect the name to be a registered trademark.  If it is known, it is properly designated and capitalized.  Otherwise consider it a mistake and not intended to dilute or destroy a brand name.  Consider this entire list a work of literature and thus for editorial purposes, trademarks may not be identified.  If you know of a mistake, it is your duty to inform me so I may correct my error.

Liability Disclaimer: 
This list does not represent official policy of any organization.  This literary work is the creation of Darren Smith for the purpose of sharing human factors information to pilots.  For more information, make corrections, or ask questions, please use the contact form below. This information is not a substitute for competent medical advice.  Always contact your Physician. There are no representations or warranties of any kind made pertaining to this service/information and any warranty, express or implied, is excluded and disclaimed including but not limited to the implied warranties of merchantability and/or fitness for a particular purpose. Under no circumstances or theories of liability, including without limitation the negligence of any party, contract, warranty or strict liability in tort, shall the website creator/author or any of its affiliated or related organizations be liable for any direct, indirect, incidental, special, consequential or punitive damages as a result of the use of, or the inability to use, any information provided through this service even if advised of the possibility of such damages.
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"The tendency of an event to occur varies inversely with one’s preparation for it."
— David Searles

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All content is Copyright 2002-2010 by Darren Smith. All rights reserved. Subject to change without notice. This website is not a substitute for competent flight instruction. There are no representations or warranties of any kind made pertaining to this service/information and any warranty, express or implied, is excluded and disclaimed including but not limited to the implied warranties of merchantability and/or fitness for a particular purpose. Under no circumstances or theories of liability, including without limitation the negligence of any party, contract, warranty or strict liability in tort, shall the website creator/author or any of its affiliated or related organizations be liable for any direct, indirect, incidental, special, consequential or punitive damages as a result of the use of, or the inability to use, any information provided through this service even if advised of the possibility of such damages. For more information about this website, including the privacy policy, see about this website.