Darren Smith, Flight Instructor
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Weather Resources - Textual Weather Navigation:  Standard Weather Briefing | Weather Briefing Form | Weather Contractions | Graphical Weather | Textual Weather | METAR Practice | TAF Practice | Winds Aloft Practice | Mysteries of the METAR | Radar

This page was designed to give you practice decoding TAFs.  When you are ready for the answers...

KTLH 220642Z 220706 14004KT 4SM -SHRA BKN150
     TEMPO 0709 1/2SM FG VV001
     FM1400 24007KT P6SM SHRA OVC050
     TEMPO 1418 3SM TSRA BR BKN015CB
     FM1800 26009KT 6SM SHRA OVC020
     TEMPO 1822 3SM TSRA BR BKN025CB
     FM0000 33008KT P6SM VCSH BKN030
     FM0300 33008KT P6SM BKN080
       








KMSP 220520Z 220606 35008KT P6SM SCT018 OVC030
     TEMPO 0609 -SN OVC020
     FM1500 34009KT P6SM BKN035
     FM2100 31007KT P6SM SCT040
     TEMPO 2101 BKN040
     FM0300 27004KT P6SM FEW040
       








KLGA 220520Z 220606 17007KT 4SM BR FEW006 SCT100 SCT250
     FM1400 19009KT 6SM HZ SCT010 BKN080
     FM1700 20012G19KT P6SM BKN080
     FM2100 20012KT P6SM VCSH BKN035 BKN070
     FM2300 30018G33KT P6SM BKN060
       







KLAX 220703Z 220706 00000KT 5SM HZ FEW010 SCT200
     FM0800 VRB03KT 5SM BR OVC008
     TEMPO 1014 2SM BR
     FM1800 26008KT 5SM HZ SKC
     FM2100 26010KT P6SM SKC
     FM0400 VRB03KT P6SM SKC

Weather Identifiers:
B - Began
BC Patches
BL Blowing
BR Mist
DR Low Drifting
DS Dust storm
DU Dust
DZ Drizzle
E - Ended
FC, +FC Funnel Cloud,
   Well-Developed Funnel Cloud
   Tornado or Waterspout
FG Fog
FU Smoke
FZ Freezing
GR Hail
GS Small Hail or Snow Pellets (< 1/4)
HZ Haze
IC Ice Crystals
MI Shallow
PE Ice Pellets
PO Well-Developed Dust/Sand Whirls
PR Partial
PY Spray
RA Rain
SA Sand
SG Snow Grains
SH Showers
SN Snow
SQ Squalls Moderate
SS Sandstorm
TS Thunderstorm
UP Unknown Precipitation
VA Volcanic Ash
VC In the Vicinity

Modifiers:  
- Light      + Heavy    
P More than     M Less than     
B Began     E Ended

Sky Conditions:
BKN – Broken cloud layer 5/8ths-7/8ths
CB – Cumulonimbus
CLR–Sky clear at or below 12,000AGL
FEW–Few cloud layer 0/8ths-2/8ths
OVC–Overcast cloud layer 8/8ths
SCT–Scattered cloud layer 3/8ths-4/8ths
SKC – Sky Clear
TCU – Towering Cumulus

Other:
A01 – Automated Observation without precipitation discrimination
A02 – Automated Observation with precipitation discrimination
A3000 – Altimeter setting 30.00”
AMD – Amended forecast
AUTO – without human editing
BECMG – Becoming… 
BECMG 0002 = becoming 00 to 02 Z

CAVU – Ceiling and visibility unlimited
COR – Correction
DSNT – Distant weather phenomenon
FM – From…  
FM0200 = from 0200 Zulu

FROPA – Frontal Passage
LDG – Landing
M – Minus, below zero, “less than”
NO – Not available
NSW – No significant weather
P6SM – Plus 6 Statute Miles, greater than, “more than”
PK WND – Peak Wind
PRESFR/PRESRR – Pressure Falling or Rising Rapidly
PROB40 – Probability of 40%
R04 – Runway 4
RMK – Remarks
RWY – Runway
RVRNO–Runway Visual Range not avail
SFC VIS – Surface Visibility
SLP – Sea Level Pressure, add 10 to numbers given
SLPNO – Sea Level Pressure not avail
SM – Statute miles
SPECI – Special Report
TEMPO – Temporarily… 
TEMPO 0002 = Temporarily 00 to 02 Z

T02560179–Temp 25.6 dew point 17.9
TWR VIS – Tower Visibility
V – Varying
VRB – Variable
VRB VIS – Variable Visibility
VV – Vertical Visibility, indefinite ceiling
WS – Wind shear
WSHFT - Wind shift


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